Whatever the cause of cystitis, its treatment should be approached with the greatest possible seriousness.Even if the symptoms of inflammation evaporate quickly, you should not think that the disease has passed by itself.It is possible that the cystitis has reached a more serious stage.This is why you need to get tested and start treating the disease on time.
Suspected cystitis in time and performed tests help to quickly deal with it and prevent complications
Common causes of cystitis
The most common cause of cystitis is E. coli.It can be observed in 80% of cases.20% contains elements such as:
- chlamydia;
- Candida fungus;
- ureaplasma.
Note that an infection in the bladder does not necessarily cause an inflammatory process immediately.It is triggered by an external factor, it depends on hypothermia, recent surgical interventions and intimacy.
Causes of infectious cystitis
This type of inflammation is of two types - complicated and uncomplicated.The first form occurs in those who already have urinary tract diseases.These include diseases such as pyelonephritis and prostatitis.The occurrence of cystitis is also influenced by diabetes, heart problems and age.
Uncomplicated cystitis can occur in women at any age.It is provoked by a specific microorganism of a species.With advanced pathology, the flora is mixed.Most of the microbes that affect the appearance of the inflammatory process in the bladder enter from the gastrointestinal tract and the vaginal area.This is why the pathology is classified as an autoinfection.
Cystitis that appears after intimacy is now common.Chlamydia causes disease.Some people, such as people with HIV or diabetes, may experience cystitis.Its appearance is facilitated by yeast-like fungi.
Non-infectious cystitis
- Non-infectious cystitis is less common than all other types.This is caused by the narrowing of the vessels of the urethra and the lack of nutrition of the soft tissues.All these moments are triggered by the weakening of the body's immune system.
- There is also chemical cystitis, which is caused by elements that have entered the bladder due to an abortion or the insertion of an instrument for diagnostic purposes.
- Allergic cystitis occurs when you are exposed to allergens.We are talking about products.This type of inflammation is short-lived and can be quickly treated without the use of antibiotics.
- Cystitis and urinary disorders can cause mental conditions and stressful situations.These inflammations tend to stay with a person for a long time and prevent them from living a full life.At the same time, no harmful elements can be detected in the urine, and relapses often occur.
Several pathogens are required for the development of cystitis.Microbes must enter the bladder and at the same time reduce the protective power of the soft tissues.
Infection process
The main route of infection is the anal area.Next comes the vagina with the urethra.Infection related to the kidneys and ureters is less common.
Infection occurs through the bloodstream and lymph.
Sometimes you can "catch" cystitis if a nearby organ is "sick" near the bladder.If the mucous membrane of the bladder is not adequately protected, the multiplication of harmful organisms takes place more intensively.During the life of such microbes, substances are released that damage the membrane, provoking an inflammatory process.
Details of the appearance of cystitis
The following factors are the provoking causes of the disease:
- carrying a fetus;
- labor activity;
- postpartum period;
- hormonal changes during menopause.
What causes the development of cystitis in kindergarten and elementary school girls, because they are actually more likely to develop cystitis than in older groups of children.This is due to the immaturity of the ovaries and the lack of sex hormones resulting from their age.These hormones appear when the formation of protective mechanisms in the vagina is completed.This leads to the combination of harmful elements and the development of an inflammatory process.
In case of defloration (rupture of the hymen), the infection enters the bladder through the lymphatic vessels.
If you have frequent and rough sex, the mucous membrane of the vagina is damaged, and the infection easily enters the bloodstream, after which it easily reaches the bladder.In addition, foreign elements enter the bladder during prolonged sexual intercourse.
If cystitis appears during pregnancy, it is caused by the growing uterus.It puts pressure on the urethra, stagnation of urine occurs, and as a result, inflammation begins.The causes of cystitis during pregnancy are a low immune system.
During menopause, female sex hormones are absent.They help build immunity in the genital area.In the background of this, not only cystitis develops, but also other diseases.
In the male population, cystitis can occur due to urological procedures or the presence of a foreign body.In men, inflammation of the bladder usually occurs against the background of an existing disease.
The main causative agents of cystitis
The provocateurs of the disease enter the urinary tract in different ways.In medicine, many ways have been identified that can cause cystitis.
Urinary system.Infections that enter the vagina reach the desired area through the urethra.
Cystitis can be caused by bacterial vaginosis, cervicitis, cervicitis and oral thrush.Worms and inflammatory processes in the pelvis can also affect the development of cystitis.
Pathology often occurs against the background of kidney tuberculosis, chronic stage pyelonephritis.Even diseases unrelated to the urinary system can cause cystitis.These are dysbacteriosis, tonsillitis, furunculosis.
Inflammation often occurs after damage to the hymen, which is why it got the second name "honeymoon cystitis".
If there is blood in cystitis, it indicates an injury to the urinary system near the bladder.Blood can lead to rough sex.
Causes of inflammation in women
The main causes of cystitis in women are:
- non-compliance with hygiene regulations;
- hypothermia not only of the area below the belt, but also of the whole body;
- trauma after intimacy (the disease occurs several hours after sexual intercourse);
- irritation of the urethra during sex and in the classic position;
- drinking "bad" water;
- unbalanced diet and consumption of carbonated drinks;
- instrumental diagnostics of the pelvic organs;
- existing diseases in the area of the bladder;
- allergic reactions to deodorants, intimate care products;
- past sore throat, colds, tooth decay;
- type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus;
- severe stress;
- mechanical damage to stones and salt crystals;
- recent treatment indiscriminately without sensitivity tests;
- premature discontinuation of drugs in the treatment of infectious cystitis;
- re-infection of a sexual partner;
- weak muscles in the pelvic floor;
- physical activity involving the perineal area;
- Cystitis occurring after radiotherapy in the treatment of malignant tumors.
Cystitis recurs and becomes chronic.This fact accounts for 10% of all inflammatory cases.
Pregnancy and menopause
A woman in such a situation has low immunity and is therefore very vulnerable.The fetus is growing, putting a lot of pressure on the bladder.A pregnant woman often goes to relieve herself, which leads to poor hygiene in the area of the urethra.If the bladder cannot be completely emptied, urinary retention occurs.Because of this, annoying diseases appear.
At a certain age, a woman experiences menopause.This is the absence of a monthly cycle, but instead comes hot flashes and general ill health.This period is caused by a lack of hormones.Bladder function is impaired, urination problems occur, urinary incontinence occurs.Consequently, hygiene procedures are not performed as expected and the urethral area is irritated.Against this background, cystitis occurs.
Cystitis can start suddenly and go away just as quickly.This is wrong.It relieves, but at the same time, it causes many third-party diseases that negatively affect the body.
Preventive measures
- The bladder must be emptied at the first sign.This is important because retention of urine also leads to cystitis.
- Make it a habit to drink at least 6-8 glasses of water a day.It dilutes congestion and prevents the establishment of bacteria in the urine for a long time.
- Treat all diseases in a timely manner.
- Maintain hygiene.Wash every day, front and back.It is important to treat the anal area, as bacteria can quickly travel to the vagina.
- It is recommended to wear only cotton underwear and loose clothing.
- If cystitis often worsens, you should stop bathing.It is better to wash while standing in the shower.
- After intimacy, the bladder must be emptied to "wash out" foreign bacteria.
If you notice the slightest signs of cystitis, you should consult a doctor and determine treatment options.Inflammation can have many causes, so diagnosis and examination are mandatory.